The relationship between the United States and Israel is often deemed as one of the most significant alliances in international politics. Rooted in shared values, strategic interests, and historical ties, this partnership has endured for decades, shaping policies and geopolitical dynamics in the Middle East. As former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton aptly stated, “The United States and Israel share interests, but we also share common values and a commitment to democracy.”
From military aid to diplomatic support, the U.S. has been a steadfast ally of Israel, providing crucial assistance in various spheres. In recent years, this alliance has garnered attention and scrutiny, with debates surrounding its implications for regional stability and U.S. foreign policy. Understanding the reasons behind U.S. support for Israel requires an examination of historical context, strategic imperatives, and the dynamics of domestic politics. It can also highlight the reasons why the US supports Israel in the Israel-Palestine conflict.
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USA and Israel: Relations through the times
Before we delve deeper into why the US supports Israel, it is important to analyze the relations between the two countries. Here is how the relations have developed since 1948.
1. The Genesis of a Strategic Partnership (1948-1967)
When Israel declared its independence on May 14th, 1948, the United States was one of the first countries to recognize the new state and establish diplomatic relations with it. This pivotal moment laid the foundation for a long-standing partnership between the two nations.
Additionally, during the Six-Day War in June 1967, the United States provided crucial military and diplomatic support to Israel. This assistance reinforced their alliance and solidified the United States’ commitment to Israel’s security and stability.
2. Fortifying Bonds Amidst Regional Challenges (1967-1978)
In the aftermath of the Six-Day War, the United States continued to provide military aid to Israel, bolstering its defense capabilities. This ongoing support strengthened the bilateral relationship and cemented Israel’s position as a key strategic partner in the Middle East.
Moreover, The Camp David Accords, brokered by President Jimmy Carter in September 1978, marked a significant milestone in Israeli-American relations. The peace agreement between Israel and Egypt not only promoted regional stability but also demonstrated the United States’ commitment to facilitating peace efforts in the Middle East.
3. Advancing Peace and Stability (1978-Present)
Over the years, the United States has played a crucial role in mediating peace talks between Israel and its neighboring countries, striving to achieve lasting peace and stability in the region. From the Oslo Accords to the Israel-Jordan Peace Treaty, U.S. diplomacy has been instrumental in advancing peace initiatives.
Beyond diplomatic and military cooperation, the United States and Israel have fostered robust economic and cultural ties. Bilateral trade, academic collaborations, and technological partnerships have flourished, contributing to mutual prosperity and innovation.
On top of that, In international forums such as the United Nations, the United States has consistently supported Israel, advocating for its security, sovereignty, and right to self-defense. This unwavering backing underscores the enduring strength of the Israeli-American alliance.
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Us-Israel Relations Under Various Us Presidents
To know whether the US’s support for Israel is consistent or varies from president to president, it is important to analyze how this relationship has changed under President Obama, President Trump and President Biden’s time.
1. Israel-U.S. Relations under Obama Administration
Under the Obama administration, Israel-U.S. relations experienced some strains, particularly regarding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and Iran’s nuclear program. President Obama pursued a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, which led to tensions with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who favored a more conservative approach.
Additionally, the Iran nuclear deal negotiated by the Obama administration, known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), was opposed by Israel due to concerns over Iran’s nuclear capabilities and regional influence.
2. Israel-U.S. Relations under Trump Administration
The Trump administration adopted a markedly different approach to Israel-U.S. relations, characterized by a close alignment with the Israeli government. President Trump made several controversial decisions that were welcomed by Israel, including recognizing Jerusalem as the capital of Israel and relocating the U.S. embassy there from Tel Aviv.
The Trump administration also withdrew from the Iran nuclear deal, known as the JCPOA, and pursued a more confrontational stance toward Iran, aligning with Israel’s security interests.
3. Israel-U.S. Relations under Biden Administration
Under the Biden administration, Israel-U.S. relations have returned to a more traditional stance, emphasizing cooperation while also addressing areas of disagreement. President Biden reaffirmed the United States’ commitment to Israel’s security and defense, while also expressing support for a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
However, the Biden administration has sought to re-engage with Iran diplomatically, which has raised concerns in Israel about the potential revival of the JCPOA and its implications for regional security. Additionally, in Israel’s ongoing war against Palestine, Joe Biden has been continuously criticized for supporting Israel and vetoing any resolution that calls for a ceasefire.
Why Does the US Support Israel?
The USA has been a consistent and powerful partner of Israel and has been supporting the latter even when all others have turned against it in the recent war on Palestine. Here are some of the reasons why the USA supports Israel.
1. Strategic Alliance
The United States and Israel share strategic interests in the Middle East, particularly concerning regional stability and security. Israel serves as a key ally for the U.S. in a volatile region, providing intelligence cooperation, military technology, and support for U.S. objectives in the area.
Israel’s military capabilities have also been instrumental in countering common threats such as terrorism and hostile regimes.
2. Shared Democratic Values
The U.S. and Israel both uphold democratic principles and institutions, fostering a natural affinity between the two nations. This shared commitment to democracy strengthens their bilateral relations and fosters mutual respect.
The U.S. sees Israel as a beacon of democracy in the Middle East, further solidifying their alliance. For instance, Israel’s robust democratic system aligns with American ideals.
3. Military Assistance
Amidst regional conflicts and security threats, the U.S. has consistently supplied Israel with advanced weapons systems and munitions to bolster its military strength. The recent approval and delivery of over 100 foreign military sales during the Gaza war exemplify the depth of U.S. commitment to Israel’s security needs.
By enhancing Israel’s military capabilities with precision-guided munitions, small-diameter bombs, bunker busters, and small arms, the U.S. aims to ensure Israel’s qualitative military edge and reinforce its war ability.
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4. Historical and Cultural Ties
The United States has a long-standing historical and cultural relationship with Israel, rooted in shared Judeo-Christian heritage and historical support. The strong bond between the two nations is reinforced by common cultural values, religious connections, and historical narratives.
This deep-rooted affinity has fostered strong public support for Israel among Americans, influencing U.S. foreign policy decisions. For instance, the U.S. played a pivotal role in the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948 and has maintained close ties ever since.
5. Non-Military Cooperation
The U.S. provides significant aid and assistance to Israel, enhancing its security capabilities and ensuring its qualitative edge in the region. This support includes advanced weapons systems, intelligence sharing, joint military exercises, and defense cooperation agreements.
For example, the United States has pledged billions of dollars in non-military assistance to Israel through annual aid packages, reinforcing its commitment to Israel’s security.
Is the USA’s Support for Israel Declining?
When it comes to the US, frustration with the Israeli government has historical roots, with figures like Henry Kissinger expressing strong criticism toward Israeli officials. Despite this, a longstanding consensus prevailed in U.S. foreign policy circles. Israel was viewed as a vital ally while attributing the failure of peace efforts primarily to Palestinians. This sentiment was reflected in broad public support for Israel, transcending party lines.
However, support for Israel is declining among the public. For instance, a 2001 poll showed 51 percent of Americans siding more with Israelis, contrasting sharply with the 16 percent favoring Palestinians. However, recent years have witnessed a shift in attitudes, especially among young Americans and Democrats. Surveys by Gallup, Pew Research Center, Quinnipiac University, and the New York Times/Siena College highlight this evolution.
For instance, in 2023, 46 percent of registered voters aged 18-29 expressed more sympathy for Palestinians, compared to 27 percent favoring Israel. Similarly, among Democrats, 34 percent leaned toward Palestinians, while only 4 percent of Republicans did so, indicating a growing divide along generational and partisan lines.
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On top of that, the US government is also showing restraint in its once-strong support for Israel. In the recent war against Palestine, Israel has crossed all limits and caused the death of thousands of people. This has led many to oppose the US’s strong support for Israel. Due to the increased pressure, Joe Biden was recently seen condemning the actions of Benjamin Netanyahu.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the relationship between the United States and Israel is deeply rooted in strategic, political, economic, and ideological factors. Over the decades, the United States has consistently provided unwavering support to Israel, solidifying a robust alliance that transcends changes in leadership and geopolitical dynamics.
From shared democratic values to common security interests, the bond between the two nations remains steadfast, underpinned by extensive military cooperation, diplomatic collaboration, and economic ties. Although the USA has been facing much criticism for its unwavering support to Israel in the latter’s war against Palestine, the government of the USA retains its position. Only time will tell how the relation between the two countries changes over the coming months.
FAQs
Q1. Does the US support Palestine?
A1. On January 26, 2021, the Biden administration declared its intention to mend ties with Palestine and extend aid to Palestinians. However, the Biden administration has shown strong support for Israel in the ongoing war and has repeatedly vetoed resolutions for a ceasefire in Gaza.
Q2. Does the UK support Israel?
A2. The UK and US both are strong supporters of Israel. The UK’s foreign policy is aligned with the west on a number of issues, and it deems the main political party, Hamas, in Palestine, as a terrorist group.
Q3. Why is China not supporting Israel?
A3. China and Israel have many arms deals in place, however, in the recent UN resolutions, China has vetoed resolutions requiring Israel to stop its genocide against Palestine.
Q4. Does the UAE support Palestine?
A4. Although the UAE and Palestine are both muslim countries, the UAE has not shown much military or financial support for Palestine. However, the UAE supports Palestine’s right to self independence.
